Flat roof elevation

Flat roof mounting: efficient solutions for photovoltaic systems

The use of flat roofs for photovoltaic systems is becoming increasingly important. In order for solar modules to work efficiently on flat roofs, a suitable mounting is required. This ensures optimal inclination of the modules, stable fastening and long-term safe operation. In this article we will look at the different systems for flat roof mounting, their advantages and key selection criteria.

Why is a flat roof mounting necessary?

In contrast to pitched roofs, where solar modules can usually be mounted directly on the existing slope, flat roofs require special structures for the optimal alignment of the modules. An elevation fulfills the following important functions:

• Optimal energy generation: A targeted inclination improves the angle of the sun's rays, thereby maximizing the energy yield.
• Ventilation of the modules: A raised installation improves air circulation and reduces the risk of heat build-up, which increases the efficiency of the modules.
• Mechanical stability: The construction protects the modules from strong winds, snow and other environmental influences.
• Protection of the roof covering: Damage to the roof is prevented by well-thought-out ballasting or special fastening systems.

Types of flat roof Raised roofs

Depending on requirements and circumstances, different systems are used for raising flat roofs. The most important variants are:

1. Ballasted systems

These designs are based on a modular frame system that is weighted down to securely fix the system without penetrating the roof.

• Advantages:
  • No intervention in the roof structure necessary
  • Can be used flexibly on different roof types
  • Short installation time
• Disadvantages:
  • Increased loads on the roof
  • Wind loads must be compensated for by appropriate ballast material

2. Roof-penetrating systems

With this method, the support structures are anchored directly in the roof to ensure particularly high stability.

• Advantages:
  • Very high stability
  • No additional ballasting required
  • Particularly suitable for regions with high wind or snow loads
• Disadvantages:
  • Risk of roof penetration and thus potential leaks
  • Higher installation effort

3. Aerodynamic systems

These innovative designs use aerodynamic principles to keep the modules stable on the roof using wind forces.

• Advantages:
  • Reduced ballast requirement
  • No roof penetration necessary
  • Particularly suitable for lightweight roofs
• Disadvantages:
  • Limited tilt adjustment options
  • Requires precise planning based on wind load analyses

Costs and profitability

The costs of a flat roof elevation depend on several factors from:

• Choice of material: Aluminum and stainless steel systems are durable, but more expensive than galvanized steel variants.
• Assembly effort: Pre-assembled systems reduce installation time and thus labor costs.
• Additional components: Ballast material, special fastening systems or aerodynamic additions increase the investment costs.

A careful cost-benefit analysis is crucial to finding a long-term profitable solution. Funding programs or tax advantages can help reduce the initial investment.

Installation process and time required

The installation of a flat roof support takes place in several steps:

1. Planning and structural testing: Consideration of roof loads, wind and snow loads as well as compliance with building regulations.
2. Preparation of the roof: Cleaning and, if necessary, installation of a protective film to protect the roof covering.
3. Installation of the support system: Placement and fixing of the support frames, depending on the system with a ballast or fastening elements.
4. Mounting the modules: Installation of the solar modules on the frame and alignment for maximum sunlight.
5. Electrical connection and safety check: Connection of the modules, installation of inverters and testing of the entire system.

The entire assembly process can be completed within a few days depending on the size of the system and the system selected.

Selection criteria for the correct mounting modification

When choosing a suitable system for flat roof mounting modification, the following factors should be taken into account:

• Roof load reserve: Checking whether the roof can bear the additional load by ballast.
• Wind and snow load zones: Adaptation of the construction to the climatic conditions of the location.
• Inclination angle: The optimal inclination is usually between 10° and 30° for maximum power production.
• Easy to install: Simple and modular systems save time and money.
• Long-term maintenance: An easily accessible construction makes it easier to inspect and clean the modules.

Conclusion

A flat roof mounting is an essential prerequisite for the efficient operation of photovoltaic systems on flat roofs. Depending on the roof structure, wind and snow loads and economic conditions, various systems are possible. While ballasted and aerodynamic systems enable gentle installation without penetrating the roof, firmly anchored systems offer maximum stability. The right choice depends on the individual requirements and local conditions. Careful planning and the selection of a suitable system can maximize the service life of the system and increase profitability.